The individual can alter their behavior to be consistent with their cognitions. The individual wants to lose weight, and so to be consistent with that goal the individual could reduce their consumption of ice cream.

The individual can alter their attitudes or beliefs to produce consistency. The individual’s current belief is that eating ice cream will impair their weight loss goal. However, they might be able to reframe this belief to “eating too much ice cream will impair my weight loss goal.” While not entirely changing their belief, reducing the intensity of this belief will reduce some dissonance.

The individual can add a new attitude or belief. They might say something like, “I learned about a new study which proved that eating high sugar foods lowers bodyweight.” By accepting this new information, eating ice cream would no longer create dissonance with their goal of weight loss.

Finally, the individual can ignore or refute information that conflicts with their existing attitude, behavior, or belief. The individual could think, “I don’t believe that eating ice cream will make me gain weight.” By denying or ignoring facts that conflict with their worldview, they are able to minimize cognitive dissonance.